Advances in Nursing & Midwifery

Abstract Introduction: Children living in residential care centers are a vulnerable population and have a lower Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL). This study explored a yoga exercise program on HRQOL in children living in residential care centers. Methods: In this quasi-experimental, one group before-after study with time series design, all children aged 8 to 13 years, who qualified for the inclusion criteria and were living in governmental residential care centers of Isfarayen were selected, using the census method. The participants took part in yoga classes for 8 weeks. The HRQOL was assessed using Kids Screen Health-related Quality of Life Questionnaire (KS-HRQOLQ). The gleaned data were analyzed with SPSS21 using repeated measurements analysis. Results: Changes in the total score of HRQOL obtained in five measurements were not statistically significant (P = 0.270). Variations in the score of HRQOL in the dimensions of "mental well-being", "the relations with parents and self-autonomy", "social support and peers", and "school environment" were not significant before to one month after completion of interventions (P = 0.29, P = 0.67, P = 0.16, P = 0.50, respectively). For the physical well-being dimension, the changes were significant frombefore to immediately after completion of interventions (P = 0.013). Changes were not significant in the presence of personal and demographic variables (P = 0.45, P > 0.05). Conclusions: This study indicated that yoga increases life quality only in the physical well-being dimension. Given that life quality reflects the wishes, expectations, and hopes of children and teenagers in relation to their present and future life and this feeling is time-related, culture-dependent, and context-oriented, it appears that life conditions of children in the current study and chronic continuous tension present in residential care centers probably made the effects of yoga different.

Abstract:

Background: The issue of time management is particular importance in nursing profession, because, the dead time is actually the time which has not been spent with the patient and if it be forgotten during the work, it will have adverse effects on patients.

Objectives: The purpose of empowering the staff is to increase the efficiency of individuals and performance improvement in the organization.  The current study is conducted by considering the effect of time management skills’ training on psychological empowerment of nurses of a hospital affiliated to Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences in 2016.

methods: The study is a quasi-experimental research on which all of the nurses (n=60) of all wards of the selected hospital participated in full number. Spritzer’s (1995) Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire and Hashemizadeh’s Time Management Questionnaire were used to collect data. The questionnaires were completed by subjects before and after holding a training time management skills workshop. The statistical SPSS21 software and descriptive and inferential statistical tests were used to analyze the data. First, the questionnaires were completed by nurses and then time management skills’ training was held as a one-day workshop in two groups, thus all of the nursing staff in different shifts could participate in this workshop. One month after the intervention, time management and psychological empowerment questionnaires were distributed again among the subjects and the data were collected to determine the effectiveness of time management skills’ training on psychological empowerment of nurses. The statistical SPSS21 software and the paired t-test (and also the non-parametric Wilcoxon test) were used to analyze the data.

Results: The results of the study showed that total mean scores of time management and psychological empowerment were 76.73and 60.38 respectively, before intervention and 83.85and 66.26 respectively, after intervention which were statistically significant. The results in sum, showed that time management skills’ training influences on psychological empowerment of nurses (p<0.05).

Conclusions:The findings of the current study indicated that time management skills’ training caused increasing the psychological empowerment of nursing staff and also caused sense of having a meaningful job, having competence and trust in the staff. Thus, this method is suggested as a strategy to increase the adequacy, competence, belief of an individual to his/her own abilities, sense of being valuable, independence and trust to others and to works of the nurses and also to improve the professional performance of nurse.

Abstract Introduction: Admission of premature neonates to the neonates intensive care unit (NICU) encounters mothers with tension, which affects mother-neonate relationship. The current study aimed at investigating the impact of peer support on the tension of mothers of premature infants admitted to NICUs of the selected hospitals in Babol, Iran. Methods: The current before-and-after, two-group, quasi-experimental study, was conducted on 40 mothers with neonates who recently admitted to NICU in order to participate in peer-group support program. The amount of tension in the study participants was measured, before and after the intervention and the results were compared with those of the control group, using parental tension scale: NICU. Results: The average tension in the intervention and control groups before and after the intervention, and comparison of measures between the groups were125.2 (23.10), 135.2 (19.88), 33.35 (8.19), and 49.40 (18.63), respectively. There was a significant difference between the mean score of tension before and after the intervention in both the study groups. There was no significant difference in tension scores between the two groups, before and after the intervention. Conclusions: Hospitals should meet the requirements of

Abstract Introduction: Chronic renal failure is largely asymptomatic complication, which requires dialysis as a time process to control it. On the other hand, due to the high prevalence and progressive maladaptive nature, its progress should be prevented. In addition to various physiological changes, it changes the mental, psychological, and social aspects of patients. Fatigue and anxiety are common nursing diagnoses of patients undergoing hemodialysis. Employment of music as a complementary therapy and an uncomplicated, low-cost, and pleasurable method can be a nursing practice to reduce such complications. The current study aimed at investigating the effect of listening to music on anxiety and fatigue in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: The current clinical trial was conducted on 25 patients as a group randomly selected to participate in the study. Patients listened to music for 30 minutes three times per week, 12 sessions a month, during hemodialysis sessions. Data were collected using three questionnaires: a researcher-made demographic information questionnaire, Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), and fatigue severity scale (FSS). Data were collected by a researcher based on interviewing method. Data were expressed as means ± standard deviation (SD). Data were statistically analyzed with SPSS version 20. The paired t test was used to compare before and after intervention mean valuesbetween the groups. The level of significance was < 0.05. Results: The mean anxiety score of the patients before intervention was 19.6%, indicating a moderate level of anxiety and the mean anxiety score was 14.48% after intervention. The mean fatigue score decreased from 36.8 to 31.2, and remained at moderate levels of fatigue. The reductions were significant (P < 0.05).Conclusions: The results of the current study showed that the employment of music as a complementary therapy was effective on reducing the anxiety and fatigue ofpatients undergoing hemodialysis and utilizing it along with other therapeuticinterventions is recommended.

Introduction:

Emergency nurses are at higher risk for workplace violence than other health care workers, so a workplace violence management program is crucial to prevent violence. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to explore the effect of a workplace violence management program on the incidence of workplace violence against nurses in hospital emergency departments.

Method:

This study applied a quasi-experimental design using control groups and pre- and post-tests. The research units included 48 nurses working in the emergency departments of Farabi Hospital and Amir Alam Hospital in Tehran. The intervention included the use of a program featuring some management issues such as applying ventilation, using closed-circuit television cameras, modifying lightings, employing a security guard for the evening shift, and training. The training, which was entitled “Management and Prevention of Workplace Violence,” was implemented as a 2-day workshop using training programs. The data collection tool was the Workplace Violence in the Health Sector Questionnaire. Chi-square test and t-test were used to test the hypotheses. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.

Results:

The results of the study showed that the frequency of different forms of violence such as physical, psychological, sexual, and racial ones was decreased after the intervention, but this decrease was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

The findings of the present study revealed that although the management program of preventing workplace violence with sub-categories such as training, security, physical environment, and policies and procedures could reduce the incidence of violence, this decrease was not significant; the lack of significance of the decrease was probably due to the low sample size and the short follow-up period (i.e., one month). Therefore, it is recommended that this study be carried out on a larger population with a longer follow-up period.

Abstract

Background and objective: time management skills are necessary for success and promotion of clinical competency of nurses. Effective use of time is one of the unavoidable necessities for success in work and life and is considered as one of the methods to create balance between work and life aspects. Time management includes the use of skills to control and use time. This study aimed to determine the effect of time management training on lifestyle of nurses working in medical surgical wards of selected hospitals of Sari under the supervision of Medical University of Mazandaran in 2016.

Material and methods: this intervention study was conducted on 70 nurses working in medical surgical ward of selected hospitals of Sari. Samples were selected by the available sampling method. Subjects were divided into control and experimental groups. Data were gathered by two questionnaires including demographic information and Walker’s Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (1987) before and after time management skills training. The validity of instruments was examined and necessary modifications were done. The reliability of instruments was measured by Cronbach’s alpha (0.83). Time management skills were instructed for 3 hours in two sessions for the experimental group. After a month, all participants in two groups again completed the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22, descriptive and analytical statistics such as mean, standard deviation, absolute and relative frequency, independent t-test, and pairwise t-test.

Findings: control group and experimental group were similar in terms of demographic variables and lifestyle in all aspects and no significant difference was observed. One month after intervention, no significant difference was observed between variables. Scores in all aspects and total score of lifestyle in both groups before and after intervention showed a significant difference.

Conclusion: the findings of this study showed that time management training influences lifestyle at all aspects and total score. Therefore, some efforts should be applied to train time management skills and lead to improved lifestyle. Therefore, it is recommended to consider time management training in programs for nurses.

Abstract

Introduction: elderly is one of the most sensitive ages in everyone’s life, thus regarding the everyday growth of the elderly population, caring for this vulnerable part of society is a necessity. Having in mind the confronting limitations in this era and lack of flexibility with environment, as well as decreasing independency status in the elderly, this study aims at evaluatin the amount of independent living in the elderly referring to Tehran Civil Servants Pension Organization (C.S.P.O) in 2015.

Methods and Materials: This descriptive study was conducted on 260 elderly people referring to Tehran Civil Servants Pension Organization. Samples are selected via sapling method available in Civil Servants. The obtained data in this study were collected by standard questionnaire, including demographic characteristics and physical activity questionnaire in two sections, i.e. Activity Daily Living and Instrumental Activity Daily Living. After completing two questionnaires, the obtained data were analyzed using SPSS (ver. 23) through descriptive statistics, independent t-test, as well as One-way Anova.

Results: The total mean score of age for the studied objects was 68.08 ± (7.63) years. The total mean score of independence in this group of elderly people has been independent (ADL= 13.61±1.14 & IADL= 14.77±3.79). Moreover, the total mean score of independence living in elderly with aging 60-74 years with incomes above 750 to 1 million dollars per month and the elderly with married, were higher.

Discussion And Conclusion: elderly is a normal stage in the normal path of life for human beings, which is very different from other life stages. In general with increasing age decrease the level of independent living, and consequently the degree of dependence on others increases in the elderly. Also the elderly married who lives with wife and children and have better economic situation are more independent than the other. furthermore the obtained data in the current study and other studies reveals that the elderly people have the highest amount of independence in Activity Daily Living such as eating and sleeping, and Instrumental Activity Daily Living such as taking medicine and using telephone.

Abstract

Hormonal Therapy for functional cysts is widely used in clinical practice, but the efficacy of this treatment has not been determined.

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of oral contraceptive with expectant management in treatment of functional ovarian cysts, for this purpose we selected 50 women who came to our clinic as   out patients with functional ovarian cysts(between 50 to 95 mm), that those had been identified by vaginal ultrasound, all the patients had stable vital sign,     mild to moderate abdominal discomfort. the patients were divided into two equal groups and followed for 8 weeks. The cases were all18_48 years old and subjects with PCO, Dermoid cysts and Endometrioma were excluded for this study. 

At last 9 patients need surgery because of increasing their symptoms and emergency condition.

Group A (n=20) observed without hormonal  treatment, only some analgesic if needed and Group B 

were Received oral contraceptive(n=21). we concluded that expectant management is as effective as oral contraceptive for resolution of functional ovarian cysts .it means the rate of disappearance of functional ovarian cyst was not affected by OCP user. However, studies with a larger number of case are needed to increase the power of results and to obtain a firm conclusion.

Background: Grief is a common reaction pf parents to abortion. It may be followed by various psychological complications that affect women's individual-social quality of life. This study aimed to determine the correlation between post-abortion grief and quality of life of women with a history of abortion.

Materials and Procedures: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted in 2016. Convenience sampling was applied to select 165 women with a history of abortion from health centers and hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (Tehran, Iran). A demographic and fertility questionnaire, the Perinatal Bereavement Grief Scale, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation tests were administered to analyze the data. All analyses were performed using SPSS 20.

Findings: There was a significant relationship between quality of life and post-abortion grief (r = -0.387; p < 0.001) and the mean score of quality of life decreased with an increase in the intensity of post-abortion grief. Women with a history of abortion had a moderate level of post-abortion grief (mean score out of 100: 47.52 ± 9.01 ) and intensity of post-abortion grief in less than 3 months from abortion occurrence until completion of the questionnaire has been at its highest level (with a mean and standard deviation of 421.3 ± 99.3) and has declined over the time. However, there was no significant relationship between the intensity of the grief and the time of abortion. and desirable quality of life (mean score: 91.90 ± 14.43).

Conclusion: The findings of this study suggested an association between more severe post-abortion grief and decreased quality of life, i.e. post-abortion grief had adverse effects on women’s quality of life. Therefore, fertility health policy makers are recommended to develop appropriate measures to reduce grief and improve the quality of life of women after abortion. 

Introduction: Given the role of evidence-based practice (EBP) in the improvement of patient care including midwifery care, the current study aimed at investigating knowledge and practice of midwives worked in health centers in terms of EBP in Golestan Province, North of Iran. Methods: The current cross sectional study was conducted in Golestan Province, North of Iran in 2014. Of 389 midwives worked in family health centers of Golestan Province, 262 subjects were selected using census sampling method. Data collection tool was a self-report questionnaire consisted of three parts: 1) Demographic characteristics; 2) Participants's knowledge about EBP; 3) Participant's practice of EBP. Data were finally analyzed with SPSS version 16. P-value < 0.05 was considered as the level of significance. Results: The mean score of the study subjects in knowledge and use of EBP were 13.2 ± 6.3 and 2.1 ± 1.2, respectively. In other words, 90% of midwives got the score < 22. Significant relationships were found between knowledge and participants’ age (P = 0.001), marital status (P = 0.008), and level of education (P = 0.039). Also, there was a significant relationship between use of EBP and type of recruitment (P = 0.014), workplace (urban or rural) (P ≥ 0.05), and age (P < 0.05). According to Spearman test, there was a remarkable, linear relationship between knowledge and use of EBP (r = 0.437). Conclusions: Knowledge and use of EBP in daily practice among midwives was poor. Given the role of EBP in the improvement of patient care, it is necessary to improve the level of knowledge and utilize EBP efficiently and effectively among healthcare workers using appropriate plans designed by health policymakers.

In Arabic, every strange word that arose from a world other than human world, human science and experience is called superstition. (Seyyed ibn Tavous, p. 260) Some superstitious beliefs are specific to a community or a particular culture and some of these beliefs are specific to a particular gender or even a particular person. In Iran from ancient times to the Qajar era, especially before the Daroulfonon institute and a gradual transition from traditional to modern medicine, the role of superstition in the field of healthcare was applicable. Due to lack of educated physicians in community, lack of health care facilities and low-level health care system many of common people were resorting to magic and extravagant and non-scientific styles to cure illnesses.

Methodology: This research is based on the fact that the target community of study is Iran's Qajar era, and practical field study is not possible; hence, it has fully utilized the library research method and attempted to use first hand resources from that era. This study aims to investigate the superstitions prevailing in the community for treatment of diseases in the Qajar period, to provide an underlying study for the new era researcher’s studying superstition therapy in present-day society, so there can be a comprehensive comparison between superstition in Present day and Qajar era.