Advances in Nursing & Midwifery

Abstract

Background and aim:

Sexual dysfunction is common among women. It affects on all aspects of

women's life. Majority of these problems can be treated in early stages with counseling and a few

numbers of them need to be treated by specialists. The aim of this study was to assess the

effectiveness of PLISSIT-based counseling model on sexual function of women.

Methods:

This was a randomized clinical trial study. It was conducted in an urban health center in

Zanjan. Eighty women who were married in the previous 5 years, and had sexual problems,

randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. The experimental group received

consultation based on PLISSIT model (Permission-limited Information-Specific Suggestion-

Intensive Therapy) by a trained midwife and the control group received routine sexual consultation.

Demographic and obstetric information were gathered through standard questionnaire. FSFI

(Female Sexual Function Index) questionnaire were used for assessing sexual function. Data were

collected from participants at three points: before consultation, 2weeks and 4weeks after

consultation. Mann-Whitney, T-tests and x

2 used for data analysis.

Results:

Mean scores of sexual function were 25.3 before consultation, 28.8 two weeks after and

29.4 four weeks after consultation in experimental group. These differences were statistically

significant (p<0.001 and p<0.001 respectively). In control group, mean scores of sexual function

were 24.48, 24.44, 23.74 before, 2 weeks, 4 weeks after consultation respectively. These differences

were not statistically significant (p=0.946 and p=0.375). There was no significant difference in

mean score of sexual function between control and experimental groups before intervention

(p=0.408). However 2 weeks and 4 weeks after the consultation this difference was significant

(p<0.001 and p<0.001 respectively).

Conclusion:

Based on the result of this study, we can claim that sexual problem in women

decreased by using the PLISSIT model. Using the PLISSIT model is recommended in health care

setting.

Keyword:

sexual responses, consultation, PLISSIT model, sexual function

Corresponding Author

: Giti Ozgoli, Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery (Second

Floor), Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Vali-Asr

Avenue, Cross of Vali-Asr and Neiaiesh Highway, Opposite to Rajaee Heart Hospital, Tehran, Iran;

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Abstract

Background and aim

Interpersonal problems are difficulties that an individual experiences in relating to others and are

sources of subjective distress. The main purpose of this study was to examine reliability, validity,

and exploratory factor analysis of a short form of the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems in an

Iranian students.

Materials and methods

This is a psychometric study and analysis of the data involved mainly descriptive statistics. 647

volunteers (490 females, 434 males) from universities in Tehran were included in this study. All

participants were asked to complete the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP-60), the Mental

Health Inventory (MHI-28), the Self-Esteem Rating Scale (SERS), and the Emotional Intelligence

Scale (EIS). The scale was validated with construct, convergent and discriminant validity. Its

reliability was measured by internal consistency and test-retest reliability methods.

Findings

The results of explarotary factor analysis supported six factors for the IIP-60 as well as a single

general factor of interpersonal problems. The convergent and discriminant validity of the IIP-60

were supported by an expected pattern of correlations between the scale and the measures of mental

health, self-esteem, and emotional intelligence. Coefficient alpha estimates of internal reliability

were between .82 and .93 for the IIP-60 subscales. Test-retest reliability of the IIP-60 was also

calculated at the range of .65-.81. All correlations were statistically significant.

Conclusion

It can be concluded that the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP-60) is a valid and reliable

scale to measure interpersonal problems.

Keywords:

Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP-60), Reliability, Validity, Exploratory factor

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Abstract

Background and aim:

Stunting indicates longWterm effects of inadequate nutrition and/or health.

This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing stunting among first grade primary school

children in Tehran, Iran 2008.

Material and Method:

This is a case-control study. The subjects were selected from 3147 Children

whose height was measured using standard protocols. 86 stunned children (Case group) and 308

children with normal height recruited for the study, using a cluster sampling method in 5 districts of

Tehran. Stunting was defined as the height for age below the 5th percentile of CDC2000 standard.

The tool for data collection was a questionnaire including questions about children's birth weight

and height, duration of breast feeding and demographic characteristics. Data were analyzed by

SPSS14 and using Chi-square, student t-test and multivariate logistic regression.

Results

: The prevalence of stunting was %3.7 among children. Means for birth weight and

duration of breast feeding were 2.9±0.6 kg, 17.4± 8.7 months, respectively among stunted children

which were significantly lower than non stunted children (3.2 ± 0.5 kg 20± 7.7 months,

respectively) (P<0.05).The parents of stunted children had lower education (P<0.05).

Logistic regression analysis showed that odds ratio of stunting among children is 4.6 for children

with "birth weight of lower than 3Kg" compared to children with "birth weight higher than 3Kg"

(CI= 95%; OR:1.4-14.7). Odds ratio of stunning was also 3.3 (CI= 95%; OR: 1.1-9.2) among

children with "breast feeding less than 3months" compared to "breast feeding more than 3 months" .

It was also 6.7 (CI= 95%; OR: 1. 1-9.2).

Conclusion:

This study showed that the prevalence of stunting is relatively low in Tehran. Primary

health care during pregnancy and breast feeding in first 3 month of life were shown as the most

important factors influencing stunting.

Key Words

: Children, Stunting, Birth weight, Breast feeding, Parents education

Corresponding Author:

Fatemeh Esfarjani. Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning

Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences

and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

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Abstract

Background and aim:

Nausea and vomiting are from the most common complications of surgery

during recovery. Adenotonsillectomy is a common surgery among children, which can be followed

by some complications such as nausea, vomiting, bleeding, and even death in some cases. There are

some medical and nonmedical remedies to decrease nausea and vomiting. A nonmedical therapeutic

procedure is reduction of abdominal pressure using oral gastric tube. This study aims to assess

effects of gastric tube insertion during anesthesia induction on nausea and vomiting of

adenotonsillectomized patients.

Materials and Methods:

This study was a clinical trial on 72 adenotonsillectomised children aged

6 to 12 years old in Shahid Montazeri hospital of Najaf-Abad. Patients were randomly divided to

two groups of case group (36 Children with oral gastric tube) and controls group (36 children

without oral gastric tube). Anesthesia method for both groups was similar. Frequency of nausea and

vomiting were measured during the 24 hours following adenotonsillectomy. Data was analyzed

using SPSS 15 and Mannwhithney U, Chi square, Spearman, Friedman and wilcoxon tests.

Findings:

Two groups were not significantly different regarding their demographic characteristics

such as age, sex and weight (p>0.05). Frequencies of nausea and vomiting were significantly lower

in the intervention group comparing to the control group in the first 2 hours in recovery room as

well as in the first 2, 6, and 14 hours of patient attendance in the postsurgical ward (P

0/05).

Conclusion:

This study showed that the use of oral gastric tube during anesthesia induction can

reduce nausea and vomiting after adenotonsillectomy.

Key words

: Adenotonsillectomy, anesthesia induction, Nausea and vomiting, oral gastric tube.

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.

ABSTRACT

Background and aim

: According to importance of occupational health for health care providers

and patient safety in hospitals, implementation of safety culture with teamwork is an acceptable

principle

.This study aims to assess attitude of health care providers toward teamwork, safety

climate and knowledge transfer through team collaboration at an educational medical center in

.

2009.

Method and materials

: This was a descriptive study. All 225 resident physicians, nurses and other

paramedics of an educational hospital of Tehran participated in the study. The tool for data

collection was the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ). Content validity and reliability of the

questionnaire was assessed and confirmed. Data was analyzed using SPSS 16 and Chi square test

.

Results

:The results demonstrated that 59% of nurses, 52% of physicians and 58%of paramedics

believed that tasks are performing by teamwork. 30% of nurses, 21% of physicians and 39 % of

paramedics had a sense of safety in workplace. 78% of nurses, 55 % of physicians and 73% of other

paramedics believed that knowledge could transfer through team collaboration. Among

demographic characteristics there were significant relationship between attitude of health care

providers on teamwork with their marital status (p=0.001); attitude of health care providers on

safety climate with their work experience (p=0.04); attitude of health care providers on knowledge

transfer trough teamwork with organizational position (p=0.016).

Conclusion

: Attitude assessment of health care providers toward teamwork, safety climate and

patients' or health care providers' safety is necessary to modify and improve the current deficits and

to achieve to the culture of learning from errors. Managers can have an appropriate guide to

establish safety culture with this sort of attitude assessments

.

Keywords

 

: Teamwork, Safety Climate, Patient Safety, Knowledge Transfer.

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incidents. American Journal of Infection Control 28 (3) 211-221.

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Quality Healthcare, November/December 2006, Available Online: http://www.psqh.com/novdec06/mississppi.html.

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Journal. 320 (7237) 745-9

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of Excellence for Patient Safety Research and Practice, University of Texas, 99-108

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Perinatology. 26 (8) 463-70

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quality and safety [on line] http://www.uth.tmc.edu/schools/med/imed/patient_safety/documents/Survey-SAQTeamwork-

Safety-Climate%20.pdf (23/7/2012)

-Spencer M (2008). Safety climate surveys-experience from SPI [online] http//:www.wales.nhs.uk/sites3/docopen.cfm

-Vincent C Taylor-Adams S Stanhope N (1998). Framework for analyzing risk and safety in clinical medicine. British

Medical Journal. 316 (7138)1154-1157.

ABSTRACT

Background and aim:

Patient advocacy is one of the most controversial issues in nursing during

recent two decades. The purpose of this study was to determine perspective of doctors, nurses and

patients towards the advocacy role of nurses about patients in hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti

University of Medical Sciences.

Materials and Methods:

This descriptive- comparative study was conducted on a sample of 329

doctors and 345 nurses and 225 patients, selected by a multi-stage sampling method. Data were

collected using a demographic questionnaire and a Nursing-Advocacy-Perspective-Scale. The

content and construct validity as well as internal consistency and test-retest reliability method were

assessed and confirmed beforehand. The data was analyzed using SPSS 16 and statistical tests at the

significant level of P<0.05.

Results:

There was a significant difference between the three groups in average scores perspective

(p<0/05). Average scores of patients were higher than nurses and doctors, and nurses average scores

was significantly higher than physician (p<0/05).

Conclusion

: The nurse managers should promote the role of the facilitator and prevent loss of

nursing advocacy and creating opportunities to provide this role in hospitals. In this regard the views

of interest groups may help.

Key Words:

 

perspective, nursing advocacy, doctors, nurses, patie

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Background and aim: Medical procedures, particularly injection, cause anxiety in children. Coping
with invasive medical treatment is an important issue for all children, particularly chronically ill
children such as thalassemic children who may have to endure many treatment procedures. This
study examined the effect of breathing exersice on the anxiety resulted from the injection procedure
in thalassemic school-age children in Kerman thalassemia center
Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, 40 thalassemia children with 6-12 years old, in
Kerman thalasemia center were selected through convenience sampling method. Then subjects were
randomly allocated in two groups (experimental group and control group). In experimental group,
bubble making was used. Data collection tools were: Demographic Information Questionnaire, and
the Scale of facial self reported anxiety. The analysis of the data was carried out through SPSS 16.
Findings: Average score of anxiety in bubble making group was 2.9+1.5 before and 1.0+1.1 after
injection. The average score in control group was 3.1+2.2 before and 2.4 + 2.1after injection. There
was no significant difference between two groups of study regarding the average scores of anxiety
before the injection (p>0.05) but there was a significant difference between two groups regarding
the average scores of anxiety after the injection (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that bubble making is an effective method to decrease
anxiety resulted from the injection procedures.
Key words: Anxiety, Bubble making, School-age Children, Distraction, Thalassemia

Abstract

Background and aim

Vomiting as a side effect of chemotherapy causes to refuse or delay in treatment by most cases. Nowadays,

for controlling these side effects researchers attempt to use noninvasive-, safe- and low cost methods, instead

of expensive drugs with various side effects. This study aimed to assess effect of reflexotherapy on vomiting

reduction among patients under chemotherapy, in oncology-hematology ward of Zahedan's Ali Ebn Abitaleb

Hospital in 2010.

Materials and Methods

This study was a before and after clinical trial (pre-test and post-test) with a group of 37 patients. The

participants were selected using purposeful sampling method and based on the results of a pilot study. They

were also considered once in the control group (receiving anti-vomiting drug Granisetron) and after 15 to 20

days in the interventional group (receiving reflexotherapy in a period of 10 minutes for each leg). The

Summary of Morrow Questionnaire and CTCv

2.0

 

Y/WX

 

Findings

The mean age of samples was 44.73 ±13.38 (years). Majority of participants were married and women.

Patients were in their second to 15th cycle of chemotherapy; receiving Cisplatin–Gemzar or Adriamycincyclophosphamide

and were from breast cancer cases. Assessment of severity of vomiting during first 24

hours showed more sever vomiting in the first 4 hours among control group than interventional group

(p<0.001), but it was more severe in interventional gropup than control group in third 4 hours (p<0.001) and

the second 12 hours (p=0.006). During the second 4 hours, severity of vomiting was not significantly

different between the two Groups (p=0.313). Finnally, the results showed no significant difference between

two treatment methods respecting their effect on severity (p=0.153) and the number of vomiting (p=0.239)

during the 24 hours after treatment.

Conclusion

Although reflexotherapy was not shown to have positive effect on chemotherapy induced vomiting of

patients but it caused to reduce severity and number of vomiting in the first 4 hours after chemotherapy

among patients with moderate and sever vomiting. Therefore, experimental study using reflexotherapy is

recommended in multiple sessions.

Key words:

Chemotherapy, Vomiting, Reflexotherapy.

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) was confirmed beforehand. Data was

 

analyzed using central and dispersion indexes as well as Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests and Marginal

modeling (generalized estimating equations GEE).

(Common Toxicity Criteria Version 2) of National Cancer

 

Institute of America were used for making a questionnaire to data collection. Face and content validity of

questionnaire and its reliability (Chronbach alpha Coefficient =