چالشهای اخلاقی در مراقبت از بیماریهای نوپدید: یک مرور نظاممند
مجله اخلاق زیستی- علمی پژوهشی,
دوره 7 شماره 26 (1396),
18 حزيران 2018
,
صفحه 85-96
https://doi.org/10.22037/bioeth.v7i26.18687
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: مدیریت بیماریهای نوپدید، مستلزم رویکرد اخلاقی برای کنترل و مراقبت از این بیماریها است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین چالشهای اخلاقی در مراقبت از بیماریهای نوپدید انجام شده است.
مواد و روشها: در این مرور نظاممند، با روش سه مرحلهای، مقالات منتشرشده به زبان انگلیسی با استفاده از واژگان کلیدی اصلی در پایگاههای اطلاعاتیScopus ،Pubmed ، Web of science از سال 1970 تا 2017 بازیابی شدند. سپس مقالاتی كه دارای معیارهای ورود بودند، مورد مطالعه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. از 5833 مقاله بازیابیشده، 20 مورد مرور و تحلیل شدند. برای استخراج دادهها، دو پژوهشگر با تجربه به طور همزمان مرور و تحلیل مقالات را انجام دادند، همچنین جهت افزایش اعتبار و پایایی مطالعه، دو نفر کیفیت مقالات را به طور جداگانه مورد ارزیابی قرار دادند. 16 مورد از مطالعات از نوع توصیفی (80%) و 4 مورد از نوع کیفی (20%) بودند.
یافتهها: مهمترین چالشهای اخلاقی مطرحشده در مقالات شامل: رعایت حقوق بیمار، احترام به خودآیینی بیمار، حفظ حریم خصوصی بیمار، اصل عمل متقابل، وظیفه مراقبت از بیمار، جلوگیری از انگ و تبعیض، مسؤولیت و پاسخگویی دولتها بودند.
نتیجهگیری: یافتهها نیاز به در نظر قراردادن ملاحظات اخلاقی در مراقبت از بیماران مبتلا به بیماریهای نوپدید را خاطرنشان میسازد. گنجاندن آموزش اخلاق حرفهای در مراقبت از بیماریهای نوپدید و تصمیمگیری اخلاقی در همهگیریها، در برنامه درسی ارائهدهندگان مراقبت، جهت مدیریت بهینه این بیماریها توصیه میگردد.
- سلامت عمومی؛ بیماری نوپدید؛ مراقبت؛ چالش اخلاقی؛ مرور نظاممند
ارجاع به مقاله
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