International Clinical Neuroscience Journal

Degenerative disks and cervical spine ligaments diseases caused by the collapse of the anatomical position of vertebral structures and attempt to adapt. The Degenerative disorder of the neck disks has a prevalence of 20% to 25% in the population under the age of 59 and 70%-95% in the population 65 years and older. This study performed as a retrospective by reviewing the clinical files of patients with anterior neck discectomy in Shohada Tajrish hospital between 2014-2017.
The severity of pain in the type of radiculopathy and neck pain measured from 1 to 10 based on the visual analog scale (VAS). The most common clinical manifestations of degenerative and cervical disks are neck pain, radiculopathy, and cervical myelopathy, alone or in combination. Generally, the disc hernia suddenly associated with acute symptoms.

Background: One challenging area in psychological pathology pertains to the comorbidity of the psychological disorders. Bipolar disorder can be pointed out among the most critical psychological diseases featuring common psychiatric comorbidity. The purpose of this study is to compare different kinds of memory in Bipolar Disorder with or without obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) comorbidity.

Methods: Sixty samples selected in 3 groups: 20 bipolar patients, 20 bipolar disorder with OCD comorbidity, and 20 healthy volunteers. Samples were selected using the available sampling method. Data collection tool included 3 questionnaires: Demographic Information Questionnaire, Comprehensive International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), Wechsler’s Memory Scale. Data analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and descriptive statistics.

Results: The results of multivariate analysis of variance analysis showed that at the level of 0.001, there was a significant difference at least regarding one of the memory variables, between the subjects of the 3 groups of bipolar/OCD, bipolar disorder and healthy. According to the mean of the groups, the weakest function is related to patients with bipolar/OCD.

Conclusion: The results of the study showed that memory damage is more common in the bipolar/OCD group, which should consider the treatment processes of these patients.

Background: Children’s health is very important in societies. Children’s behavioral problems result in efficiency rate reducing in educational performance. Therefore, solving these problems is necessary. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral interventions and sensory processing styles training on children’s behavioral problems (7-12 aged).

Methods: The current study was quasi-experimental with the pretest-posttest design. The statistical population of this research included all elementary students of sari city in 2017-2018. Among them, 90 target students (30 students per intervention) were selected as samples by the clustering sampling method and were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. Experimental groups received cognitive-behavioral interventions and sensory processing styles training orderly. Control group received no training. A child behavioral questionnaire was used to collect information. After scoring the questionnaire and extracting the data, SPSS-21 software used for statistical analysis of multivariate covariance and independent t test.

Results: The findings showed that cognitive-behavioral interventions and the training of sensory processing styles have a significant effect on behavioral problems in children and have reduced the internalization and extraversion problems in experimental groups and the effectiveness of the cognitive-behavioral intervention in reducing behavioral problems in children is more significant than teaching sensory processing styles.

Conclusion: We suggest that cognitive-behavioral therapy and sensory processing styles training are useful for parents. They help to thought control, ethical behavior and parents, mental health.

Background: Cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis (CVT) is the rare type of stroke, which can be fatal or causes significant morbidity. CVT could cause by multiple etiologies and risk factors and could present with many signs and symptoms such as a headache, seizure or altered mental status. The gold standard for diagnosing CVT is magnetic resonance venography (MRV) or computed tomographic venography (CTV), as these modalities are not available in many health centers and the early diagnosis of this disease improves significantly the outcome of treatment, we evaluated the diagnostic values of CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in CVT patients.

Methods: We compiled and investigated the radiological and clinical records of 92 patients with the final diagnosis of CVT; we observed the sign of thrombosis in 74 patients who had either the non-contrast CT or MRI plus MRV. We statistically analyzed the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy, the positive and negative likelihood ratio of these modalities.

Results: Our results demonstrated that the sensitivity of CT scan is 60.5%, and its specificity is 66.7%. The positive predictive value of CT is 85%, and its negative predictive value is 34%. Our study demonstrated that the accuracy of CT in diagnosing CVT patients is 62%.

Besides our results showed that the sensitivity of MRI in diagnosing CVT is 87%, and the specificity of MRI is 76.9%. Hence the positive predictive value of MRI is 94%, and the negative predictive value is 58%, and the accuracy of this modality is 85%

Conclusion: In the absence of gold standard modalities, MRI and CT scan have relatively good diagnostic values, besides MRI is more beneficial between the two, moreover we found that CVT is more prevalent among women and in warm seasons.

Background: The aim of this study was the survey of the relationship of parenting practice, creativity and parent’s mental health with intelligence quotient and behavioral disorder of 7-8 years old children in Qaemshahr city.

Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study. The statistical population consisted of seven and eight years old children in Qaemshahr city in 2017. Three hundred children among them selected with stratified random sampling. Data gathered by Baumrind parenting practices questionnaire, Thurstone and Mellinger creativity questionnaire, Derogatis mental health, Wechsler intelligence scale for children and Rutter children’s behavioral disorder. Data analysis executed by one-way ANOVA test and Pearson correlation with SPSS 22.

Results: The results showed that there is no significant difference between behavioral disorder rate of boys & girls (P < 0.05). Also, there is the significant relationship among parenting practices with intelligence quotient and children behavioral disorder (P < 0.05), while there was no significant relationship between intelligence quotient and children’s behavioral disorder with creativity (P < 0.05). Moreover, there was a significant relationship between mental health with behavioral disorder among children (P < 0.05), however, there was no significant relationship with intelligence quotient (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: According to research results we can conclude that welfare and educational equipment’s by short-term, medium-term and long-term planning may enhance health and mental comfort among families with their children’s behavioral disorders.

Background: Effective communication and the establishment of a good communication model among individuals have a prominent role in adaptation and can play an essential role in creating the psychological well being of married students. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of basic life skills training on adaptability and psychological well being in married female students.

Methods: The present study was a semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with the control group. A sample of 40 female undergraduate students of Qaemshahr Azad University University in the academic year of 2017-2018 was selected with convenience sampling and divided into 2 experimental and control groups randomly (each group 20 student). The experimental group received eight sessions of basic life skills training in 2 sessions of 90 minutes per week. Control group received no training. In order to collect information, Bell’s adaptive scale and psychological well-being questionnaire used. Covariance analysis by SPSS-22 software was used to analyze the data.

Results: results of covariance analysis showed that the training of basic skills of life increased the adaptability (P < 0.001) and psychological well-being (P < 0.001) in the experimental group compared to the control group at the post-test stage.

Conclusion: According to the results of the current study, it can be used basic life skills training as an effective way to increase the psychological well-being and student adaptability.

Background: Cancer has many potential physical, psychological and social consequences for the patient. This single case study explored the efficiency of mindfulness therapy with the aid of virtual reality (VR) focusing on minimizing anxiety especially death anxiety in a patient with cerebellar cancer.

Methods: In this case study research the patient met and consulted 3 times in the first week, and the aim of these meetings was to break the patient’s resistance through meditation and psychological treatment. After that, 8 sessions each one 2 hours were planned at the patient’s home. In the second week, a subsidiary device called VR (large eye crystal capable of playing 3D film) was used as a method to assist the patient.

Results: The data collected from the pre/posttest of Beck anxiety showed significant progress in blood pressure, heart rate and body temperature, and increased up to its normal levels. In addition, the sense of satisfaction expressed by the patient during the sessions was noticeably significant.

Conclusion: According to results mindfulness therapy by VR with a focus on anxiety reduction as a complementary therapy has remarkable efficacy on improving quality of life in the cancer patient.